A tamborim is a small, round Brazilian frame drum of Portuguese and African origin.

The frame is 6" in diameter and may be made of abs, aluminum, steel or wood. The head is typically made of nylon and is normally very tightly tuned in order to ensure a high, sharp timbre and a minimum of sustain. The drum is devoid of snares or jingles.

The tamborim is used in many genres of Brazilian music. It is most commonly associated with samba and pagode, but is also used in chorinho, bossa nova, and some northeastern folklore rhythms such as cucumbi.

In most musical styles, the tamborim is played with a short, thin drumstick. In samba-batucada, it is played with a beater made of several flexible nylon or polyacetal threads bound together. On rare occasions, it may be played with the fingers.

The tamborim is held with the weaker hand with the thumb crossing the rim and resting on the drumhead. The other fingers are curled under the rim, with the index typically applying and releasing pressure on the underside of the head to achieve higher or lower notes. The beater is held by the very tip with the strong hand and the head is struck a little off-center. A playing technique called virado is often used, in which the drum is rapidly flipped upside-down to produce ghost notes and syncopated grooves. The instrument may also occasionally be struck on the rim.

Tamborim players alternate between repetitive groove patterns and through-composed signature phrases which function as a melody and are easily distinguished above the other percussion instruments.